Thyroid diseases are considered of the most common and important endocrinological disorders that are associated with multiple deleterious effects. Osteopontin (OPN), a molecule first identified in osteoblasts, is a multifunctional protein involved in inflammation, cell adhesion & remodeling. It has been suggested that OPN plays a role in many diseases. Thyroid dysfunctions are the most common endocrine problems encountered in clinical and endocrinology laboratory. Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism together are responsible for considerable morbidity in over 110 countries of the world among them most are developing countries. Osteopontin (OPN) is a molecule first identified in 1986 in osteoblasts and is known to be involved in the formation and calcification of bone. OPN is expressed in higher levels in papillary thyroid carcinoma and its expression levels were significantly associated with higher tumor size and presence of vascular invasion. OPN can be used as a biomarker in thyroid cancer, besides being a putative target for papillary thyroid cancer therapeutic approaches.