Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by painful, swollen joints. Some patients with RA may present or later develop disease manifestations in other organs, such as interstitial lung disease, pericarditis, pleural effusion, or bronchiectasis. As with other autoimmune rheumatic diseases, the diagnosis depends upon the aggregation of characteristic symptoms, signs, laboratory data and radiological findings. Although nonspecific, is an important predictor of outcome in RA. RF is an autoantibody directed against the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG). This autoantibody can belong to any of the three main Ig classes G, A or M but the classical RF is pentameric IgM. RF is produced by intra-synovial B-lymphocytes and reacts against IgG molecules that are abnormal in their carbohydrate moieties, a feature that probably renders them immunogenic. Anti-citrullinated peptide/protein antibodies significantly improve the diagnosis of RA especially in the RF negative population. They present in 23% of patients with early stage RA, in about 50% of patients at diagnosis and in about 53% to 70% of patients 2 years after diagnosis. A positive anti-CCP result also predicts joint erosion and radiographic progression in RA. Anti-MCV Ab is a very useful diagnostic test for RA. It is a good marker for early diagnosis of RA with higher sensitivity and specificity when compared to other markers. AKA/APF antibodies recognized epitopes that contained the amino acid citrulline. These two antibodies appeared to have a highly similar specificity for RA patients. In daily practice, Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) combining clinical parameters with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) or C reactive protein (CRP) is used. ESR and CRP are inflammatory biomarkers, but not specific to the joint.