A supraventricular arrhythmia known as atrial fibrillation (AF) occurs when the atria are unable to contract effectively due to an abnormality in the electrical activity of the atrium. Worldwide, atrial fibrillation is becoming more common and more commonplace. Based on findings from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS), the probability of atrial fibrillation has tripled in the last fifty years. AF prevalence exhibits geographical variation. The areas with a high occurrence rate, specifically Western Europe as well as North America, contrast with the generally lower occurrence rate observed in Oceania, South Asia & the Middle East. AF is most significantly influenced by age. It is linked to a higher occurrence of atrial fibrillation, with a significant rise occurring beyond the age of 65. Chronic subclinical inflammation refers to the persistent, mild activation of the body's immunological response, which is a characteristic feature of biological aging in various organ systems. Elevated amounts of reactive oxygen species are linked to both AF and age. AF is linked to higher mortality rates. Individuals typically do not succumb to the arrhythmia itself, but rather to the presence of other concurrent diseases and consequences, for example myocardial infarction, heart failure, venous thromboembolism (VTE), chronic kidney disease, stroke, dementia, as well as cancer.