Emergency services globally are under rising cost pressures that may restrict their current resources. Emergency services in several nations have the problem of insufficient personnel, which poses additional difficulties and limitations, particularly during critical periods like the COVID-19 epidemic. Additionally, the need to cover extensive distances to reach thinly inhabited regions leads to prolonged response times. In order to address these challenges and potentially mitigate the impact of daily medical emergencies, a number of countries, including Sweden, Germany, and the Netherlands, have implemented initiatives that involve the utilization of novel human resources and equipment that were not previously integrated into their existing emergency systems. These resources are used in medical emergency situations if they can reach prior to emergency medical services (EMS). Several studies have examined the use of these novel resources in EMS systems, focusing on medical, technological, and logistical aspects as major areas of investigation. There are other review studies in the literature that specifically examine one or more of these new sorts of resources. As far as we know, there is currently no thorough review study that examines all the new kinds of resources in emergency medical response systems. In order to address this deficiency, we aim to provide a comprehensive literature review of research that examine various novel resources used prior to the introduction of EMS. The aim of our study is to provide a comprehensive and systematic summary of these publications, with a focus on their practical applications and methodologies. Our goal is to give valuable insights into this significant topic and raise awareness among scholars, emergency managers, and administrators.