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ISSN 2063-5346
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PREVALENCE AND MULTI-DRUG RESISTANCE OF GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN POULTRY WASTE IN ETHIOPE EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA DELTA STATE

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Enwa Felix Oghenemaro, Adjekuko Collins Ohwonigho, Oyubu Levinson Obaro, Ikogho Kareen Oghenemine, Michael Oghenejobo
» doi: 10.48047/ecb/2023.12.12.18

Abstract

The spread of resistant strains of bacteria and infectious micro organisms in the environment through poultry waste remains a global health challenge. This is due to the potential risk of transfer of antimicrobial resistance from poultry and poultry products to the human population, making it difficult to treat infections caused by these resistant strains. This study was aimed at identifying the multi-drug-resistance/sensitivity patterns of gram-negative bacteria, prevalent in poultry waste obtained from poultry farms in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State. Samples of poultry waste was collected from different locations in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State and transported to the Microbiology laboratory for analysis. All samples were inoculated on McConkey and Deoxycholate citrate agar for bacteriological examination following standard procedures. Relevant biochemical tests were carried out for identification of the isolates. Also, antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Organisms isolated were Proteus spp, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp and Shigella spp.Proteus spp demonstrated the highest resistance against all the antibiotics. Escherichia coli demonstrated a high resistance rate against cephalexin (75%), nalidixic acid (100%), septrin (trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole) (75%), and ampicillin (100%). Shigella and Salmonella spp demonstrated high resistance to septrin (trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole) and ampicillin ranging from 71% - 86%. Totally 85% of the isolates showed multi-drug resistance. This study clearly demonstrates that poultry birds may serve as the reservoirs formulti-drug resistant strains of gram-negative bacteria that infect humans. Also, that bacteria organism from poultry waste can contribute significantly to the spread of multidrug-resistant organisms, due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics in poultry feeds by farmers. This study recommends proper information dissemination to poultry farmers on the dangers of antibiotics resistant strains in order to curb the spread of multidrug-resistant strains to humans causing gastrointestinal infections. Also, strict bio-security regulations should be put in place for proper waste disposal and its use as manure.

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