Chiral catalysts are essential in asymmetric synthesis, allowing for the selective production of enantiopure molecules. This study focuses on recent advances in synthesizing and applying chiral catalysts for asymmetric processes. This review presents an up-to-date summary of recent advances in chiral catalysts and their applications in asymmetric synthesis and insights into establishing efficient and sustainable approaches for producing enantioenriched molecules. The design, synthesis, and performance of several chiral catalysts, such as transition metal complexes, organocatalysts, and biocatalysts, are examined regarding their asymmetric catalytic transformations. Furthermore, significant instances of chiral catalyst-catalyzed asymmetric reactions from various synthetic techniques are provided. In addition, the use of chiral catalysts in industry and their potential for synthesizing pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals are reviewed.