Background: Magnetic resonance has a significant role in evaluation of the pelvic abnormalities, including uterine, ovarian, cervical, adnexal, and congenital abnormalities. A better understanding of anatomy remains crucial in the evaluation of congenital abnormalities as well as in characterization of a lesion and its extent. Endometriosis and adenomyosis are diseases that affect many women predominantly during the reproductive period of life. With the cardinal symptoms, such as pelvic pain, bleeding disorders, and infertility, the disease has a tremendous impact on women’s well-being and health. In most of the women affected the first symptoms can be traced back to adolescence. T2-weighted sequences are key for diagnosing adenomyosis since the sequences highlight the uterine zonal anatomy. T1-weighted imaging (T1-WI) also contributes to the diagnosis, by depicting high-signal intensity foci that represent haemorrhage. Gadolinium contrast enhancement does not aid in the diagnosis of diffuse adenomyosis but should be considered in particular scenarios. Our protocol consists of pelvic T2-WI sagittal, axial and coronal planes and T1 3D fat-suppressed axial and sagittal planes. We use contrast when in doubt about the nature of a uterine nodule or to characterise associated findings, such as an adnexal mass. Adenomyosis appears as increased thickness of the junctional zone, forming an ill-defined area of low signal intensity on T2, representing the smooth muscle hyperplasia accompanying the heterotopic endometrial tissue. This aspect is frequently associated with bright foci on T2-weighted images, which represent foci of heterotopic endometrial tissue, cystic dilatation of endometrial glands or haemorrhagic foci. If haemorrhagic, the foci are also bright on T1 FSWI images. Adenomyosis may mimic other pathologic conditions. An example is the pseudo-widening of the endometrium a feature of adenomyosis that mimics endometrial carcinoma. Pseudo-widening of the endometrium represents an invasion of the myometrium by the basal endometrium and has a similar appearance to endometrial carcinoma invading the myometrium.