Among the eight branches of Ayurveda, panchakarma is a therapy and its scope of application which is essential in Shalya Tantra (school of traditional Indian surgery). The five purificatory therapies of Panchakarma, include Vamana (therapeutic vomiting or emesis), Virechana (therapeutic purgation), Basti (therapeutic enema), and Nasya (elimination of toxins through the nodes). The purpose of this article is to explain the principles of panchakarma used in the study of Shalya Tantra. Material and Methods: Ayurvedic literature, modern texts as well as data from web-based search engines, and journals, were used to search for relevant literature and information. Result: Panchakarma is used to treat a variety of acute and chronic surgical conditions, such as Vrana (wound), Bhagna (musculoskeletal injuries), Arsha (hemorrhoids), Bhagandar (fistula in ano), etc. Panchakarma is extensively described in the classical Ayurvedic texts and is very effective in treating a variety of surgical pathologies. Raktamokshan is regarded as almost half of the therapeutic process and is the core of Panchakarma. Conclusion: Adjuvant therapies of Panchakarma are necessary for the effective pre-operative management of many surgical conditions.