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ISSN 2063-5346
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South China Sea Maritime Disputes and Malaysia International Integrative Relations as a Jihad Strategy in Balancing the World's Authoritative Powers

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Cdr Mohd Harris Sadi RMN, Jamaliah Jamil, Zulhasni Abdul Rahim, Adam Leong Kok Wei
» doi: 10.48047/ecb/2023.12.si7.461

Abstract

The Western International Relations (WIRs) studies have been lauded for centuries owing to idealism innovation with all sorts of 'ism' (realism, liberalism, structuralism, internationalism, modernism, and imperialism) by various schools of thought with massive volumes of political studies aimed at re-creating the global order. But, regretfully, these WIRs have severely disregarded the International Relations (IRs) legacy of Al-Andalus with 800 years of the political establishment in Spain. Al-Andalus was Columbus's reason for the America continent’s discovery right after it fell. Besides, it had inspired European Renaissance, and imperialism dreams revived political ideologies among the mixed heritage known as Graeco-Romanesque, Judeo-Arab (Shamsie 2016), but today, nothing except purely theological locus. This study attempt to analyse the International Relations IRs from industry weltanschauung based on the powerless nation case study. The analytical areal divided into sixth sub-topics: The critique over western IRs philosophy: The Integrative International Relations as holistic match: The Malaysia-China-US trade and bilateral relations: The South China Sea Economy and Biodiversity Worth: ASEAN as a Peacekeeper Guardian for the South China Sea (SCS) and South East Asia (SEA). The last section is about Malaysia's comprehensive bilateral and multilateral IRs. This study expects to provide new insight into IRs formulation for the benefit: political policymakers, strengthening WIRs and IRs academic world, thus equally beneficial to postgraduate students. Analytical review based on 120 selected articles written by field experts, security journalists, army people, international relations scholars (both from the Muslim and Western world), secret service representatives, newspaper testimony, and international organisations.

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