In this study, Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and their Ruthenium (Ru)-doped counterparts (1% Ru-ZnO) were synthesized and evaluated for their potential applications in antibacterial activity, glucose uptake in yeast cells, and photocatalytic dye degradation. Characterization using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy confirmed the formation of ZnO nanoparticles with Ru doping influencing their electronic structure and reducing their size. The antibacterial study demonstrated both nanoparticles' capability to inhibit different bacterial strains, with a notable increase in the efficacy of 1% Ru-ZnO nanoparticles. Furthermore, both nanoparticles facilitated glucose uptake in yeast cells, revealing potential applications in glucose management research. The photocatalytic study showed successful degradation of various dyes under UV light, with 1% Ru-ZnO offering superior performance. Overall, this study showcases the multifunctional potential of ZnO and, particularly, 1% Ru-doped ZnO nanoparticles in antibacterial therapies, glucose management, and environmental remediation, highlighting the significance of exploring metal-doped nanomaterials for diverse applications.