Background: Preterm birth is a major healthcare problem affecting 15 million births every year. It is the leading cause of mortality among children aged under 5 years, with a majority of deaths due to preterm birth occurring in the neonatal period. Kangaroo care is an intervention that can influence stress and attachment in mothers of preterm infants and also enhances infant–mother interaction, bonding and attachment, essential for emotional and social development . Aim of the study this study aimed to Asses effect of kangaroo care in improving vital signs weight gain of preterm neonates and to asses duration of hospital admission in neonates exposed to kangaroo care. Patient and methods this case control study on neonates receiving kangaroo mother care was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit,Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University. 88 patients were split into two groups Group1recieved kangaroo mother care and Group2 didn’t receive kangaroo mother care.both groups underwent Comlete history taking,general examination,laboratory investigations, vital signs recorded before and after kangaroo care,days of hospitalization and oxygen dependence were recorded in both groups. Conclusion Kangaroo mother care is effectively and positively promoted premature and full term infants' physiological stability, improvement of vital signs, laboratory findings ,decreasing length of hospital stay and days of oxygen dependence, fewer complications.