Idiopathic gastrointestinal diseases include Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (IBD). These cause severe morbidity and lower quality of life for patients and increase society's costs in both direct and indirect ways. The likelihood of getting IBD and the severity of the illness may be affected by dietary choices, as suggested by epidemiological studies. Symptoms include stomach discomfort, bloody diarrhea, and weight loss. These symptoms can lead to intestinal perforation, strictures, fistulising illness, and cancer. Inflammatory bowel disease has a complicated etiology, but current revelations in our comprehension of the pathophysiology of IBD have led to significant improvements in both diagnosis and treatment. This comprehensive study includes symptoms, diagnosis, clinical pathogenesis, genetic involvement, and mediators responsible for inflammatory bowel disease and related complications. Various animal models are also discussed in detail, along with their specific features. The role that certain nutrients in the diet have in the onset and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease is also highlighted