In the article, the fact that due to the incorrect application of mineral fertilizers to the land, the sudden change of organic matter in the soil composition, the annual decrease in the amount of humus, the violation of the biological balance in the soil, and, as a result, the decrease in soil fertility, resulting in the deterioration of the biological and physical-chemical properties of the soil of irrigated lands. It is explained in detail that the increase of harmful bacterial and fungal disease-causing microorganisms leads to a decrease in the productivity of crops. Based on this, the task of our research is to find out the effect of autumn planting dates and depth on the number and mass of nodules formed in the roots of chickpea varieties on irrigated land, as well as their effect on soil fertility, and introduce them to production. The article presents the research materials and methods, the results of the research, and the results of the number and mass of the nodules formed in the root during the budding, flowering, and podding phases of the chickpea varieties planted at different times and depths in autumn. According to the results of the research, it was determined that the amount of nitrogen in the form of ammonium and nitrogen in the form of nitrate is preserved in the soil under the influence of the chickpea crop, and the reason for the improvement of the nitrogen regime of the soil under the influence of the chickpea crop is the large amount of protein and nitrogen in the residues of this crop. it has been proven to change in a positive direction. It is emphasized that after chickpeas, the soil nutrition regime will be improved and more alternative conditions will be created for the nutrition, growth, and development of the following crops.