Objective The leaves of the Carica papaya Linnaeus (CP) are the least studied portion of the plant since its fruit is well-liked for medical applications. Therefore, finding the literature that exclusively discusses the pharmacological and therapeutic benefits of CP leaves is the primary goal of this research study. Methods The medicinal and therapeutic benefits of CP leaves have been identified through research available on electronic databases like Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, NIH databases, and grey literature until December 2022. Results More than 52 papers in total were searched to determine the medicinal value of the CP leaves. As a result, numerous bioactive substances have been found in the leaves, including alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and others which have been intensively examined for their wide range of pharmacological properties. Conclusion Numerous studies have demonstrated that papaya leaves have potent antibacterial, antifungal, anti- inflammatory, immune-modulating, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, anti-angiogenic, anti- tumor, and antiviral properties. The magical aspect of the leaves also has an antibacterial component. Additionally, it possesses antitoxins functions for the kidneys and liver and hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties. Additionally, it has helped treat diabetic heat stroke, sickle cell disease, and diabetic stroke.