Sustainable agriculture is a way of producing food and fiber that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It involves balancing economic, environmental, and social aspects of farming and food systems. Biotechnology is a set of techniques and tools that use living organisms or substances from them to modify or create products. Biotechnology has the potential to contribute to sustainable agriculture by enhancing crop productivity, resilience, and quality; reducing the use of harmful chemicals and inputs; and creating new sources of bioenergy and bioproducts. However, biotechnology also poses some challenges and risks, such as ethical, social, and environmental concerns; regulatory and trade barriers; and potential negative impacts on biodiversity and human health. Therefore, it is important to ensure that biotechnology is used in a responsible, safe, and inclusive manner, with adequate public participation, transparency, and oversight. This article provides an overview of the role of biotechnology in sustainable agriculture and environmental protection, highlighting some of the benefits, challenges, and opportunities for its development and application