The intricate relationship between mental health and physical health is pivotal for understanding overall well-being and the maintenance of public health. This paper explores the significant influence of mental health on physical health and vice versa, emphasizing the importance of integrating mental health services into public health strategies. We examine theoretical frameworks, including the biopsychosocial model, and review empirical studies demonstrating the connections between mental and physical health. This review aims to encourage holistic approaches in health care practices and policies to improve population health outcomes.