Congenital neurosurgical developmental anomalies (CNSDA) of the central nervous system (CNS) - hydrocephalus, craniocerebral and spinal hernias, craniosynostosis is the most important problem of modern medicine due to their comparative frequency, a significant level of disability and mortality (1, 2, 5, 7, 9, eleven). The prevalence of many non-communicable diseases has been studied quite deeply (3, 6, 8), while the frequency of CNSDA CNS has not actually been studied. Meanwhile, the development of effective ways to reduce the medical and social consequences and prevent diseases requires studying the factors that contribute to their occurrence and prevalence. Along with these aspects, the question of the pathogenetic role of various environmental hazards in the development of CNSDA CNS arises with all acuteness. First of all, these are the conditions and place of residence of the population, negative technological working conditions with their adverse effects on the immune system and metabolism for both parents and children themselves (2, 4, 9, 10). It requires studying the adverse impact on the body of the fetus and newborn of socio-eco-biological factors, including extragenital diseases of the mother and hereditary burden (1, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12). The great medical and social significance of this problem in improving the gene pool of the population of any state, the need to solve these problems, as well as the lack of unified conceptual principles in the system of causes of occurrence, spread, prevention of complications, treatment and prevention of these neurosurgical diseases determined the main focus of this study.