Background: Because of the favorable prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), recommendations recommend total thyroidectomy (TT) or thyroid lobectomy (TL) as surgical therapy for DTC with a low to moderate risk of recurrence. There is still debate over the best risk-based surgical technique for differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Objectives: To evaluate total thyroidectomy (TT) and thyroid lobectomy (TL) as surgical treatment for DTC with a low to moderate probability of recurrence over time. Methodology: Adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted in October 2022, primarily using PubMed. The search focused on studies published in English that investigated the comparison between total thyroidectomy (TT) and thyroid lobectomy (TL). Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to ensure the relevance and quality of the studies. Results: The review encompassed diverse studies from various geographical locations, with a predominant focus on middle-aged participants. A consistent trend emerged, highlighting a significant proportion of DTC patients undergoing thyroidectomy and lobectomy surgeries. Conclusion: The severity of DTC is evident across different populations and settings. Factors such as severity of risk and timing of diagnosis can determine which type of surgeries is most benefit in such patients. Thyroidectomy and lobectomy surgeries are crucial for optimal health outcomes.