Background: There is insufficient evidence to support the use of misoprostol for routine treatment of PPH. Nonetheless, misoprostol has been used as a last resort for treatment of severe PPH cases and its effectiveness has been reported in seven uncontrolled studies. These studies used a range of doses (200 μg to 1200 μg) and routes (rectal, oral, and intrauterine) and reported dramatic responses to the drug. Oxytocin, the first-line agent in the prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage, is a polypeptide structure that is produced in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. It was first discovered by Sir Henry Dale in 1909 when he discovered that a hormone from the pituitary gland caused uterine contractions in a pregnant cat. It was the first polypeptide hormone synthesized in 1953 by the American biochemist, Vincent Du Vigneaud. Oxytocin remains the first-line agent in the management and prevention of uterine atony after vaginal and operative delivery. The clinical roles of oxytocin in the obstetric population include induction and augmentation of labor, and prevention and treatment of postpartum uterine atony.