In this systematic investigation, we employed TLC and GC-MS to analyze bioactive compounds in aqueous extracts of Camellia sinensis. The aqueous extract (AH) exhibited distinct RF values for catechin (0.15), gallic acid (0.58), and quercetin (0.67), with Camellia sinensis (AH) containing the highest concentrations: 48.87% catechin, 27.45% gallic acid, and 7.25% quercetin. Further exploration of Camellia sinensis extracts using GC-MS revealed over 20 compounds in the aqueous extract, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids, indicative of its medicinal potential. The aqueous extract displayed medicinal potential with its diverse phytochemical composition. These results underscore the versatility of Camellia sinensis aqueous extracts, supporting their use in herbal medicine and pharmaceutical formulations, and highlighting their potential therapeutic applications.