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ISSN 2063-5346
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UPDATES ON RISK FACTORS AND PREDICTORS FOR AMPUTATION IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT AND TYPE 2 DIABETES: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

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Mohammad Aqela M Alazmi, Tawasif Jadaan M Alruwaili, Fahdah Jadaan Mter Alruwaili, Awsaf Jadaan M Alruwaili, Hana Nazzal S Alazmi, Nasser Jubran Aljurbui
» doi: 10.53555/ecb/2022.11.11.196

Abstract

Objectives: The frequency of diabetic foot (DF) problems is expected to rise in tandem with the global increase in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. To better identify individuals who are at high risk, a systematic analysis of available data regarding risk factors and predictors for amputation in patients with DF was conducted. Methods: We conducted a thorough search of PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Science Direct to find pertinent literature. Rayyan QRCI was utilized during the entire process. Results: We included thirteen studies with a total of 4106 patients and 2484 (60.5%) were males. Among patients with DF, a history of previous amputation ranged from 6.5% to 29.5%. Patients who recorded a Wagner classification (≥ Grade 3, n) ranged from 23.5% to 80.2%. Male sex, old age, greater ulcer size, greater Wagner classification grades, a higher incidence of peripheral artery disease (PAD), osteomyelitis, raised fibrinogen level, anaemia, HbA1C >7, smoking histories, smoking histories, cardiovascular disease (CAD), infection, osteomyelitis, lower body mass index (BMI), and leucocytosis were found to be independent predictors of lower limb amputation in patients with DF. Conclusion: With DF infections, amputation is frequently necessary and inevitable, although the outcome of the procedure is not always clear-cut. This systematic study made clear how crucial it is to identify and assess data from laboratories, sociodemographics, previous medical history, and associated comorbidities. Subsequent analyses will delve deeper, examining the correlation between ulceration and amputation as well as between amputation and death.

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