Waste materials are an important source for the recovery and extraction of various valuable compounds. Transforming these wastes into valuable compounds require various techniques and approaches. It is the requirement to design various functional bioactive substitute materials that are able to survive the harsh and diverse conditions within the human body. Biomaterials are gaining increased importance due to their applicability to ageing population and treating diseases. Biomaterials acts to restore, repair or to replace any tissue that has been damaged in the body thus increasing the life expectancy. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is one of the biomaterials obtained from the natural waste materials. It is universally used in biomedical because of its bioactivity, biocompatibility, remarkable oestoconduction property, etc. HAp is receiving importance in orthopaedic implants and also in dental materials. This review outlines the various methods of extraction of HAp from various natural sources like marine, aquatic, mammalian, shell, plant and algae. The Ca/P, crystallinity, particle shape, size, morphology and clinical studies are also discussed.