Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a crucial field in civil engineering that strives to assure the safety, reliability, and durability of structures. With the increasing complexity and aging of infrastructure around the world, continuous assessment and monitoring of structural conditions is critical. SHM assesses structural performance in real time or on a regular basis using modern sensing technologies, data analysis methodologies, and monitoring systems. The major goal of SHM is to detect, diagnose, and analyze structural issues in order to enable proactive maintenance, repair, and retrofitting techniques. SHM has various advantages, including early identification of damage, proactive interventions, better maintenance planning, increased safety, and improved design and construction procedures. This paper presents an overview of SHM applications in a variety of domains, including bridges, buildings, dams, pipelines, wind turbines, offshore structures, airplanes, sports stadiums, and historical monuments. The study also discusses the challenges of implementing SHM. In order to solve these problems, joint efforts and technical breakthroughs are required to enable effective and dependable structure health monitoring in civil engineering applications