Recent advancements in concrete technology have shifted focus towards concrete performance rather than constituent materials, notably seen in Lightweight Concrete (LWC). This study investigates the utilization of natural perlite aggregates in LWC to address concerns about depleting natural resources. The research explores different M20 grade concrete mixes, complying with IS 10262 (2009), where varying percentages of natural perlite aggregates replace coarse aggregates. The investigation delves into fresh and hardened properties, structural behaviour, bond strength, and durability aspects of LWC. Mechanical properties (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity) were assessed at different ages, including a 365-day compressive strength study. Durability assessments encompassed rapid chloride penetration, water absorption, permeability, acid resistance, sulphate resistance, and marine environment resistance, establishing correlations with compressive strength. The study also examined bond strength and explored structural applications through reinforced cement concrete beams. Findings indicate the potential of natural perlite aggregates as partial replacements in LWC for structural use, addressing environmental concerns associated with natural resource depletion and solid waste management.