The silver nanoparticles synthesized by the green method have acquired a lot of attention due to one-step, eco-friendly and economical sustainability. This paper deals with the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extract of Gmelina philippensis Cham. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy to unfold metal stability and optical traits. Due to the Surface Plasmon Resonance, the prepared silver nanoparticles exhibit a distinct absorption peak in UV-Visible spectroscopy. The XRD diffraction, and TEM study reveals that the average diameter of synthesized silver nano-particles was found approximately 20 nm. The crystalline nature of synthesized silver nanoparticles was confirmed by XRD. While AFM and DLS studies confined the dimension of silver nanoparticle found in range of 20–75 nm. The chemical functional groups prior to aqueous leaves extract of Gmelina philippensis Cham. (ALEGP) were investigated by FTIR. The bioactive components such as, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, phenols, amino acids, tannins are responsible for the synthesis and stabilization of silver nanoparticles in aqueous medium confirmed from FTIR and Raman spectra. The photo-excitation peak was recorded at 328 nm NUV region, while the emission peaks was monitored at 362 nm exhibit violent color spectrum. Herein, CIE chromaticity coordinates: X = 0.175, Y= 0.0053) exposes the optical bands of synthesized silver nanoparticles. The antioxidant activity of silver nanoparticles was evaluated using DPPH methods. The optical and morphological property of synthesized silver nanoparticles using ALEGP is alternative for designing photonic devices as well as in medicinal field.