Health literacy plays a crucial role in patient understanding of medical information and adherence to treatment regimens. Nurse-led interventions have been increasingly recognized as effective strategies to improve health literacy among patients. This review article aims to explore the impact of nurse-led health literacy interventions on patient understanding of medical information and treatment adherence. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published between 2010 and 2021. The studies included in this review encompass various healthcare settings and patient populations. The findings suggest that nurse-led interventions, such as educational sessions, personalized counseling, and the use of health literacy tools, have a positive impact on improving patient understanding of medical information and promoting treatment adherence. Factors influencing the effectiveness of these interventions, such as patient characteristics, intervention duration, and follow-up strategies, are also discussed. The review highlights the importance of integrating health literacy principles into nursing practice and emphasizes the role of nurses in enhancing patient outcomes through tailored interventions. Future research directions and implications for clinical practice are also considered.